Guides

Photos and paper certificates never fixed jewelry authentication. How a signed, resolvable Digital Product Passport lets anyone verify a piece is real.

The circular economy’s value lives after the sale. How a DPP records repair, remanufacture, resale and recycling as verifiable events.

Public, owner, and circular-economy actors: how least-privilege access lets one DPP be safe to publish and useful for a product’s entire life.

How a product-agnostic Digital Product Passport engine on open standards (EPCIS 2.0, GS1 Digital Link, did:web) turns compliance into reusable infrastructure.

DPP interoperability: why open standards beat proprietary systems The Digital Product Passport represents a fundamental shift in how supply chain transparency and circular economy transitions are enabled across Europe. Yet the success of this infrastructure depends critically on DPP interoperability—the ability of systems, stakeholders, and data flows to connect seamlessly across organizational boundaries. Recent peer-reviewed…

DPP blockchain integration: where distributed ledgers add value and where they create friction The intersection of Digital Product Passports and blockchain technology has emerged as a focal point in circular economy and sustainability discussions. Yet the relationship between these two technologies is neither straightforward nor universally beneficial. Understanding when blockchain genuinely enhances DPP functionality—and when…

Digital Product Passport Use Cases Across Industries: From Textiles to Electronics The Digital Product Passport (DPP) has emerged as a critical infrastructure tool for supply chain transparency and circular economy transition. Rather than serving a single industry, DPPs operate across diverse sectors—textiles, electronics, manufacturing, and beyond—each with distinct data requirements, stakeholder networks, and sustainability objectives….

Data Act Article 33: Making Data Sharing Work Across Organizations Article 33 of the EU Data Act sets out practical requirements for organizations that share data within structured environments called data spaces. The core idea is straightforward: if you’re sharing data with others—whether in your supply chain, sector, or across the EU—you need to make…

ESPR Article 15: Customs Controls and the Digital Product Passport The ESPR introduces a new layer of border control designed to catch non-compliant products before they enter the EU market. Article 15 establishes how customs authorities will use Digital Product Passport data and unique product identifiers to verify that imported goods meet sustainability requirements. This…

ESPR Article 14: The EU’s Central Digital Product Passport Portal Article 14 of the ESPR establishes a critical piece of infrastructure for the circular economy: a publicly accessible web portal operated by the European Commission where stakeholders can find, search, and compare information contained in Digital Product Passports. This portal represents the Commission’s commitment to…