Battery passport Article 77: What you need to know From 18 February 2027, a major new requirement takes effect across the EU: every large battery, industrial battery over 2 kWh, and electric vehicle battery sold in the Union must be accompanied by a battery passport. This is not a paper document or a simple label….
Battery passport technical design and what companies must do Article 78 of the EU Batteries Regulation sets out the technical and operational requirements for the battery passport. These rules are essential for companies placing batteries on the EU market, as they establish how the system must work, who can access it, and how data must…
Data Act Article 5: Right of the user to share data with third parties Article 5 of the EU Data Act gives users a powerful right to request that companies controlling connected product data hand that information over to third parties—think repair services, sustainability consultants, or alternative software providers. This article fundamentally changes how data…
Data Act Article 3: Making Product Data Accessible to Users Article 3 of the EU Data Act introduces a fundamental shift in how manufacturers and service providers must handle data generated by connected products. At its core, this article requires companies to automatically give users access to the data their devices collect—without charging fees and…
Data Act Article 4: Balancing data access rights with business protection The EU Data Act (Regulation (EU) 2023/2854) introduces a fundamental shift in how companies handle product data. Article 4 establishes clear rights for users to access data generated by connected products while also protecting legitimate business interests. For manufacturers and service providers, this means…
ESPR Article 13: The EU Digital Product Passport Registry Article 13 of the ESPR establishes the framework for a centralized digital registry that will become a critical infrastructure for product compliance and market oversight across the EU. This article creates both a significant responsibility for companies and an important verification tool for regulators. Understanding what…
ESPR Article 12: Using Unique Identifiers for Operators and Facilities A core requirement of the ESPR is that companies must be able to track and identify every actor involved in a product’s lifecycle. Article 12 establishes how this works by requiring the use of unique identifiers—standardised codes that pinpoint specific operators (businesses, manufacturers, distributors) and…
ESPR Article 11: Technical Design and Operation of the Digital Product Passport Article 11 of the ESPR sets out the technical framework that makes Digital Product Passports work in practice. It’s not just about what information goes on a passport—it’s about how that information is stored, protected, shared, and kept available over time. For any…
ESPR Article 9: Mandatory Digital Product Passports for EU Market Entry Article 9 of the ESPR establishes a fundamental requirement: no product can be sold, supplied, or put into service anywhere in the European Union without a Digital Product Passport. This isn’t optional, conditional, or phased in gradually. It’s a hard rule that applies from…
ESPR Article 10: Technical Requirements for Digital Product Passports The ESPR establishes mandatory rules for how companies must create and manage Digital Product Passports. Article 10 is the core technical provision—it sets out the practical requirements for how these passports must be designed, built, and made accessible throughout the product’s lifecycle. Understanding these rules is…